USP despenca no principal ranking universitário da atualidade

 

SABINE RIGHETTI
DE SÃO PAULO

A USP perdeu pelo menos 68 casas no ranking universitário THE (Times Higher Education), a principal listagem de universidades da atualidade.

A universidade --única do Brasil que figurava entre as 200 melhores do mundo-- passou de 158º lugar em 2012 para o grupo de 226º a 250º lugar.

A posição específica no ranking não é informada pelo THE, que, a partir do 200º lugar, divulga os resultados em grupos de universidades. 

A Unicamp também caiu e passou de 251º a 275º lugar (em 2012) para 301º a 350º lugar.

Os Estados Unidos continuam dominando o ranking. A melhor universidade do mundo, Caltech, é norte-americana. Além disso, 77 das 200 melhores do mundo estão em solo dos EUA. 

O editor do THE, Phil Baty, classificou o resultado como "negativo para o Brasil".

"Um país com seu tamanho e poder econômico precisa de universidades competitivas internacionalmente", disse. "É um golpe sério perder a única universidade que estava entre as 200 melhores." 

PARA INGLÊS NÃO VER

 

Baty destacou ainda a importância da internacionalização nas universidades brasileiras para melhorar os resultados. 

"É preciso incentivar o uso do inglês na sala de aula. Muitos países que não são de língua inglesa já usam o inglês no meio acadêmico." Entre eles, estão a Holanda, a Alemanha e a França --países com universidades entre as cem melhores do mundo.

Essa bandeira do inglês tem sido destacada também por especialistas brasileiros.

De acordo com Leandro Tessler, físico da Unicamp e especialista em relações internacionais, há uma resistência interna na universidade brasileira ao inglês. 

"Temos a tradição de resistir a cursos em inglês na universidade, como se fosse uma questão de soberania."

Sem ter aulas em inglês, o Brasil perde pontos em boa parte dos indicadores do THE, que avaliam, por exemplo, a quantidade de alunos e de professores estrangeiros. 

Além disso, as publicações científicas exclusivamente em português também diminuem a quantidade de citações recebidas por outros cientistas. Esse critério --as citações-- valem 30% das notas recebidas por cada universidade. 

O Brasil foi o único país que saiu do grupo de países com universidades entre as 200 melhores do mundo. Noruega, Espanha e Turquia entraram para o grupo de elite. 

Veja a alista das 199 melhores universidades:

 

2013-14 rank	2012-13 rank	Institution	Country
1	1	California Institute of Technology	US
2	4	Harvard University	US
2	2	University of Oxford	UK
4	2	Stanford University	US
5	5	Massachusetts Institute of Technology	US
6	6	Princeton University	US
7	7	University of Cambridge	UK
8	9	University of California, Berkeley	US
9	10	University of Chicago	US
10	8	Imperial College London	UK
11	11	Yale University	US
12	13	University of California, Los Angeles	US
13	14	Columbia University	US
14	12	ETH Zrich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zrich	Switzerland
15	16	Johns Hopkins University	US
16	15	University of Pennsylvania	US
17	23	Duke University	US
18	20	University of Michigan	US
19	18	Cornell University	US
20	21	University of Toronto	Canada
21	17	University College London	UK
22	19	Northwestern University	US
23	27	University of Tokyo	Japan
24	22	Carnegie Mellon University	US
25	24	University of Washington	US
26	29	National University of Singapore	Singapore
27	25	University of Texas at Austin	US
28	25	Georgia Institute of Technology	US
29	33	University of Illinoisat Urbana-Champaign	US
30	31	University of Wisconsin-Madison	US
31	30	University of British Columbia	Canada
32	39	London School of Economics and Political Science	UK
33	35	University of California, Santa Barbara	US
34	28	University of Melbourne	Australia
35	34	McGill University	Canada
36	42	Karolinska Institute	Sweden
37	40	École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne	Switzerland
38	57	King's College London	UK
39	32	University of Edinburgh	UK
40	41	New York University	US
40	38	University of California, San Diego	US
42	44	Washington University in St Louis	US
43	35	University of Hong Kong	Hong Kong
44	59	Seoul National University	South Korea
45	46	Peking University	China
46	47	University of Minnesota	US
47	42	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	US
48	37	Australian National University	Australia
49	61	Pennsylvania State University	US
50	54	Boston University	US
50	52	Tsinghua University	China
52	51	Brown University	US
52	44	University of California, Davis	US
52	54	Kyoto University	Japan
55	48	University of Munich	Germany
56	68	Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology	South Korea
57	65	Hong Kong University of Science and Technology	Hong Kong
58	49	University of Manchester	UK
59	53	Ohio State University	US
60	50	Pohang University of Science and Technology	South Korea
61	58	KU Leuven	Belgium
62	69	Purdue University	US
63	70	University of Gottingen	Germany
63	65	University of Queensland	Australia
65	59	École Normale Supérieure, Paris	France
65	75	Rice University	US
67	64	Leiden University	Netherlands
68	78	University of Heidelberg	Germany
69	77	Delft University of Technology	Netherlands
70	62	École Polytechnique	France
70	56	University of Southern California	US
72	62	University of Sydney	Australia
73	72	Erasmus University Rotterdam	Netherlands
74	142	University of Basel	Switzerland
74	67	Utrecht University	Netherlands
76	86	Nanyang Technological University	Singapore
77	70	Wageningen University and Research Center	Netherlands
78	76	University of Pittsburgh	US
79	74	University of Bristol	UK
80	80	Durham University	UK
80	79	Emory University	US
80	87	Tufts University	US
83	83	University of Amsterdam	Netherlands
83	94	Michigan State University	US
85	93	Ghent University	Belgium
86	128	Free University of Berlin	Germany
87	105	Technical University of Munich	Germany
88	104	Case Western Reserve University	US
88	106	Vanderbilt University	US
90	94	University of NotreDame	US
91	99	Monash University	Australia
92	88	McMaster University	Canada
93	96	University of California, Irvine	US
94	99	Humboldt University of Berlin	Germany
95	102	University of Rochester	US
96	81	Pierreand Marie Curie University	France
97	91	University of Colorado Boulder	US
98	89	University of Groningen	Netherlands
98	115	Maastricht University	Netherlands
100	109	University of Helsinki	Finland
100	103	University of York	UK
102	119	Royal Holloway, University of London	UK
103	98	University of Arizona	US
103	99	Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey	US
103	117	Stockholm University	Sweden
106	114	Eindhoven University of Technology	Netherlands
106	84	University of Montreal	Canada
108	97	University of Maryland, College Park	US
109	121	University of Alberta	Canada
109	124	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Hong Kong
111	106	Uppsala University	Sweden
112	110	University of Sheffield	UK
112	118	University of Virginia	US
114	85	University of New South Wales	Australia
114	92	University of Paris-Sud	France
114	145	Queen Mary, University of London	UK
117	139	University of Glasgow	UK
117	140	KTH Royal Institute of Technology	Sweden
117	108	University of St Andrews	UK
117	149	Technical University of Denmark	Denmark
121	110	University of Sussex	UK
121	89	University of Zrich	Switzerland
123	82	Lund University	Sweden
124	133	University of Geneva	Switzerland
125	128	Tokyo Institute of Technology	Japan
126	113	University of Cape Town	South Africa
126	124	Dartmouth College	US
128	122	University of Florida	US
129	154	RWTH Aachen University	Germany
129	110	Trinity College Dublin	Republic of Ireland
131	127	Radboud University Nijmegen	Netherlands
132	134	Indiana University	US
132	130	University of Lausanne	Switzerland
132	72	University of Massachusetts	US
135	150	Boston College	US
136	122	University of California, Santa Cruz	US
137	145	Lancaster University	UK
138	116	Aarhus University	Denmark
139	184	Colorado Schoolof Mines	US
139	142	University of Leeds	UK
141	124	University of Warwick	UK
142	134	National Taiwan University	Taiwan
143	134	University of Utah	US
144	147	Osaka University	Japan
144	140	VU University Amsterdam	Netherlands
146	148	Arizona State University	US
146	130	University of Southampton	UK
148	154	University of California, Riverside	US
148	153	University of Exeter	UK
150	130	University of Copenhagen	Denmark
150	137	Tohoku University	Japan
152	144	University of Freiburg	Germany
153	158	University of Birmingham	UK
154	151	Karlsruhe Institute of Technology	Germany
155	180	Joseph Fourier University - Grenoble 1	France
156	170	ENS Lyon	France
157	151	University of Bern	Switzerland
157	120	University of Nottingham	UK
159	156	Texas A&M University	US
160	174	Georgetown University	US
161	187	University College Dublin	Republic of Ireland
161	169	University of Iowa	US
161	196	University of Leicester	UK
164	192	University of Antwerp	Belgium
164	161	University of Auckland	New Zealand
164	201-225	Brandeis University	US
164	201-225	Pompeu Fabra University	Spain
168	190	University of Western Australia	Australia
169	171	University of Liverpool	UK
170	187	University of Twente	Netherlands
170	162	University of Vienna	Austria
172	164	Catholic University of Louvain	Belgium
172	156	Yeshiva University	US
174	165	University of Delaware	US
174	176	University of East Anglia	UK
176	198	University at Buffalo	US
176	226-250	Universit Libre de Bruxelles	Belgium
178	166	University Paris Diderot - Paris 7	France
178	162	Stony Brook University	US
180	190	Wake Forest University	US
181	171	University of Bonn	Germany
181	174	Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute	US
183	193	Iowa State University	US
184	201-225	Northeastern University	US
185	193	University of Miami	US
185	201-225	University of Oslo	Norway
185	171	University of Ottawa	Canada
188	176	University of Aberdeen	UK
188	167	University of Texas at Dallas	US
190	183	Yonsei University	South Korea
191	137	Hebrew University of Jerusalem	Israel
191	184	University of Illinois at Chicago	US
193	226-250	National Graduate School of Engineering, Paris	France
194	168	George Washington University	US
194	176	University of Reading	UK
196	201-225	University of Dundee	UK
197	226-250	Florida Institute of Technology	US
198	180	Newcastle University	UK
199	276-300	Bogazii University	Turkey
199	158	TelAviv University	Israel